山元 孝佳 （ヤマモト タカヨシ）
| 自然科学系 広域自然科学講座 生命科学分野 | 講師 |
研究者情報 （担当授業科目については、ページ一番下の「授業ガイド（シラバス検索）」をご利用ください。）
基本情報
経歴
- 東京大学
2013年10月 - 2018年03月, 大学院理学系研究科生物科学専攻（平良眞規准教授研究室）, 特任研究員 - 聖徳大学・聖徳大学短期大学部
2017年04月 - 2025年03月, 兼任講師（生物学・数学教養） - 早稲田速記医療福祉専門学校看護科
2016年04月 - 2018年03月, 兼任講師（生化学） - 東京大学
2018年04月 - 2025年03月, 大学院総合文化研究科 広域科学専攻 生命環境科学系（道上達男教授研究室）, 助教 - 東邦大学医学部
2024年04月 - 2025年03月, 非常勤講師（選択環境科学I） - 東京学芸大学
2025年04月 - 現在, 教育学部 広域自然科学講座, 講師
学歴
研究活動情報
書籍等出版物
- 基礎生命科学実験 第３版
2021年04月, 東京大学出版会 - 最新 バイオ論文解説総集編1
2015年09月, 秀潤社 - 今月の150～200字でわかる海外の注目論文
2016年03月, 隔月連載, 細胞工学（秀潤社）, 2013年1月~2016年3月（隔月連載；休刊のため連載終了） - 伝えるから伝わる科学報道へ
2014年10月, 実験医学 2014年 10 月号（羊土社） - 高校生からのバイオ科学の最前線
2014年08月, 4535786534 - 大学生はリッチガール&ボーイ!?―教育格差問題への対応策
2013年10月, 実験医学 2013 年 10 月号（羊土社） - 東日本大震災―若手が直面する問題と支援策
2011年09月, 実験医学 2011 年 9 月号（羊土社）
論文
- Identification of N-acetyl-rich heparan sulfate binding motifs and their role in expanding BMP distribution and signaling by Cerberus
2025年04月19日, Takayoshi Yamamoto; Yusuke Mii; Hidetoshi Saiga; Tatsuo Michiue; Masanori Taira, 10.1101/2025.04.16.649141 - Evaluation of Pancreatic β-cell Differentiation Efficiency of Human iPSC Lines for Clinical Use
2024年01月05日, Ayumi Horikawa; Kyoko Tsuda; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Tatsuo Michiue, Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.2174/011574888X267226231126185532 - Enhancement of neural crest formation by mechanical force in Xenopus development.
2024年, Toki Kaneshima; Masaki Ogawa; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Yosuke Tsuboyama; Yuki Miyata; Takahiro Kotani; Takaharu Okajima; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, The International journal of developmental biology, 68, 1, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1387/ijdb.230273tm - Identification of tumor-related genes via RNA sequencing of tumor tissues in Xenopus tropicalis.
2023年08月14日, Kazuki Kitamura; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Haruki Ochi; Makoto Suzuki; Nanoka Suzuki; Takeshi Igawa; Tadashi Yoshida; Mitsuru Futakuchi; Hajime Ogino; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, Scientific reports, 13, 1, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1038/s41598-023-40193-7 - The Helicobacter pylori CagA oncoprotein disrupts Wnt/PCP signaling and promotes hyperproliferation of pyloric gland base cells
2023年07月18日, Atsushi Takahashi-Kanemitsu; Mengxue Lu; Christopher Takaya Knight; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Takuo Hayashi; Yusuke Mii; Takuya Ooki; Ippei Kikuchi; Akira Kikuchi; Nick Barker; Etsuo A. Susaki; Masanori Taira; Masanori Hatakeyama, 共著, Science Signaling, 16, 794, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1126/scisignal.abp9020 - Chemical inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDKi) improve pancreatic endocrine differentiation of iPS cells
2023年07月05日, Heming Ning; Ayumi Horikawa; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}, 59, 6, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1007/s11626-023-00776-0, 1071-2690 - The heparan sulfate modification enzyme, Hs6st1, governs Xenopus neuroectodermal patterning by regulating distributions of Fgf and Noggin
2023年04月, Takayoshi Yamamoto (corresponding author); Toki Kaneshima; Kohei Tsukano; Tatsuo Michiue, Developmental Biology, Elsevier BV, 496, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.01.011, 0012-1606 - Ndst1, a heparan sulfate modification enzyme, regulates neuroectodermal patterning by enhancing Wnt signaling in Xenopus
2023年03月03日, Takayoshi Yamamoto (corresponding author); Yuta Kambayashi; Kohei Tsukano; Tatsuo Michiue, Development, Growth & Differentiation, 65, 3, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1111/dgd.12843, 1440-169X - Positive feedback regulation of frizzled-7 expression robustly shapes a steep Wnt gradient in Xenopus heart development, together with sFRP1 and heparan sulfate
2022年08月09日, Takayoshi Yamamoto (corresponding author); Yuta Kambayashi; Yuta Otsuka; Boni A Afouda; Claudiu Giuraniuc; Tatsuo Michiue; Stefan Hoppler, 共著, eLife, eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 11, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.7554/eLife.73818 - Xenopus Dusp6 modulates FGF signaling to precisely pattern pre-placodal ectoderm.
2022年05月19日, Kohei Tsukano; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Tomoko Watanabe; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, Developmental biology, 488, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.05.009 - Evolution of hes gene family in vertebrates: the hes5 cluster genes have specifically increased in frogs.
2021年07月29日, Aya Kuretani; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Masanori Taira; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, BMC ecology and evolution, 21, 1, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1186/s12862-021-01879-6 - A simple method of hiPSCs differentiation into insulin-producing cells is improved with vitamin C and RepSox.
2021年, Ayumi Horikawa; Keiko Mizuno; Kyoko Tsuda; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, PloS one, 16, 7, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1371/journal.pone.0254373 - De novo transcription of multiple Hox cluster genes takes place simultaneously in early Xenopus tropicalis embryos.
2019年03月04日, Mariko Kondo; Megumi Matsuo; Kento Igarashi; Yoshikazu Haramoto; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Yuuri Yasuoka; Masanori Taira, 共著, Biology open, 8, 3, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1242/bio.038422 - Embryonic lethality is not sufficient to explain hourglass-like conservation of vertebrate embryos
2018年03月16日, Yui Uchida; Masahiro Uesaka; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Hiroyuki Takeda; Naoki Irie, 共著, EvoDevo, BioMed Central Ltd., 9, 1, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1186/s13227-018-0095-0, 2041-9139 - Fam46a regulates BMP-dependent pre-placodal ectoderm differentiation in Xenopus
2018年01月01日, Tomoko Watanabe; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Kohei Tsukano; Sayuki Hirano; Ayumi Horikawa; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, Development, The Company of Biologists, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1242/dev.166710, 0950-1991 - FRET-based tension measurement across actin-associated mechanotransductive structures using Lima1.
2018年, Sayuki Hirano; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Tatsuo Michiue, 共著, The International journal of developmental biology, 62, 9-10, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1387/ijdb.180110tm, 0214-6282 - Roles of two types of heparan sulfate clusters in Wnt distribution and signaling in Xenopus
2017年12月, Yusuke Mii*; Takayoshi Yamamoto* (*co-first author); Ritsuko Takada; Shuji Mizumoto; Makoto Matsuyama; Shuhei Yamada; Shinji Takada; Masanori Taira, NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 8, 1, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1038/s41467-017-02076-0, 2041-1723, Wnt proteins direct embryonic patterning, but the regulatory basis of their distribution and signal reception remain unclear. Here, we show that endogenous Wnt8 protein is distributed in a graded manner in Xenopus embryo and accumulated on the cell surface in a punctate manner in association with "N-sulfo-rich heparan sulfate (HS)," not with "N-acetyl-rich HS". These two types of HS are differentially clustered by attaching to different glypicans as core proteins. N-sulfo-rich HS is frequently internalized and associated with the signaling vesicle, known as the Frizzled/Wnt/LRP6 signalosome, in the presence of Wnt8. Conversely, N-acetyl-rich HS is rarely internalized and accumulates Frzb, a secreted Wnt antagonist. Upon interaction with Frzb, Wnt8 associates with N-acetyl-rich HS, suggesting that N-acetylrich HS supports Frzb-mediated antagonism by sequestering Wnt8 from N-sulfo-rich HS. Thus, these two types of HS clusters may constitute a cellular platform for the distribution and signaling of Wnt8. - Comprehensive analyses of hox gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryos and adult tissues
2017年08月, Mariko Kondo; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Shuji Takahashi; Masanori Taira, DEVELOPMENT GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION, WILEY, 59, 6, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1111/dgd.12382, 0012-1592, From whole genome sequencing of an allotetraploid frog, Xenopus laevis, two homeologous sets (L and S) of four Hox clusters A through D (HoxA. L/S, HoxB. L/S, HoxC. L/S, and HoxD. L/S) and 13 paralogous groups (PGs) with 76 genes were identified, allowing us to carry out the first comprehensive analyses of hox gene expression in vertebrates. Expression of all hox genes during development and in adult tissues was analyzed by RNA-sequencing. The expression levels of most hox genes were similar between homeologs, but in some pairs, large differences were observed and several of these were confirmed by RT-PCR and whole mount in situ hybridization experiments. These results indicate that subfunctionalization of hox genes may have occurred since allotetraploidization. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis of hox gene expression during early development did not agree with the hypothesis of temporal collinearity especially in genes belonging to PG2 to PG10. - High variability of expression profiles of homeologous genes for Wnt, Hh, Notch, and Hippo signaling pathways in Xenopus laevis
2017年06月, Tatsuo Michiue*; Takayoshi Yamamoto* (*co-first author); Yuuri Yasuoka; Toshiyasu Goto; Takafumi Ikeda; Kei Nagura; Takuya Nakayama; Masanori Taira; Tsutomu Kinoshita, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 426, 2, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.12.006, 0012-1606, Cell signaling pathways, such as Wnt, Hedgehog (Hh), Notch, and Hippo, are essential for embryogenesis, organogenesis, and tissue homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed 415 genes involved in these pathways in the allotetraploid frog, Xenopus laevis. Most genes are retained in two subgenomes called L and S (193 homeologous gene pairs and 29 singletons). This conservation rate of homeologs is much higher than that of all genes in the X. laevis genome (86.9% vs 60.2%). Among singletons, 24 genes are retained in the L subgenome, a rate similar to the average for all genes (82.8% vs 74.6%). In addition, as general components of signal transduction, we also analyzed 32 heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)-related genes and eight TLE/Groucho transcriptional corepressors-related genes. In these gene sets, all homeologous pairs have been retained. Transcriptome analysis using RNA-seq data from developmental stages and adult tissues demonstrated that most homeologous pairs of signaling components have variable expression patterns, in contrast to the conservative expression profiles of homeologs for transcription factors. Our results indicate that homeologous gene pairs for cell signaling regulation have tended to become subfunctionalized after allotetraploidization. Diversification of signaling pathways by subfunctionalization of homeologs may enhance environmental adaptability. These results provide insights into the evolution of signaling pathways after polyploidization. - The medaka dhc2 mutant reveals conserved and distinct mechanisms of Hedgehog signaling in teleosts
2015年02月, Takayoshi Yamamoto; Tatsuya Tsukahara; Tadashi Ishiguro; Haruo Hagiwara; Masanori Taira; Hiroyuki Takeda, BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 15, 1, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1186/s12861-015-0057-x, 1471-213X, Background: Primary cilia are essential for Hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction in vertebrates. Although the core components of the Hh pathway are highly conserved, the dependency on cilia in Hh signaling is considered to be lower in fish than in mice, suggesting the presence of species-specific mechanisms for Hh signal transduction.
Results: To precisely understand the role of cilia in Hh signaling in fish and explore the evolution of Hh signaling, we have generated a maternal-zygotic medaka (Oryzias latipes) mutant that lacks cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain 2 (dhc2; MZdhc2), a component required for retrograde intraflagellar transport. We found that MZdhc2 exhibited the shortened cilia and partial defects in Hh signaling, although the Hh defects were milder than zebrafish mutants which completely lack cilia. This result suggests that Hh activity in fish depends on the length of cilium. However, the activity of Hh signaling in MZdhc2 appeared to be higher than that in mouse Dnchc2 mutants, suggesting a lower requirement for cilia in Hh signaling in fish. We confirmed that Ptch1 receptor is exclusively localized on the cilium in fish as in mammals. Subsequent analyses revealed that Fused, an essential mediator for Hh signaling in Drosophila and fish but not in mammals, augments the activity of Hh signaling in fish as a transcriptional target of Hh signaling.
Conclusions: Ciliary requirement for Hh signaling in fish is lower than that in mammals, possibly due to fused-mediated positive feedback in Hh signaling. The finding of this fish-specific augmentation provides a novel insight into the evolution of Hh signaling. - Greatwall kinase and cyclin B-Cdk1 are both critical constituents of M-phase-promoting factor
2012年09月, Masatoshi Hara; Yusuke Abe; Toshiaki Tanaka; Takayoshi Yamamoto; Eiichi Okumura; Takeo Kishimoto, NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 3, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 10.1038/ncomms2062, 2041-1723, Maturation/M-phase-promoting factor is the universal inducer of M-phase in eukaryotic cells. It is currently accepted that M-phase-promoting factor is identical to the kinase cyclin B-Cdk1. Here we show that cyclin B-Cdk1 and M-phase-promoting factor are not in fact synonymous. Instead, M-phase-promoting factor contains at least two essential components: cyclin B-Cdk1 and another kinase, Greatwall kinase. In the absence of Greatwall kinase, the M-phase-promoting factor is undetectable in oocyte cytoplasm even though cyclin B-Cdk1 is fully active, whereas M-phase-promoting factor activity is restored when Greatwall kinase is added back. Although the excess amount of cyclin B-Cdk1 alone, but not Greatwall kinase alone, can induce nuclear envelope breakdown, spindle assembly is abortive. Addition of Greatwall kinase greatly reduces the amount of cyclin B-Cdk1 required for nuclear envelope breakdown, resulting in formation of the spindle with aligned chromosomes. M-phase-promoting factor is thus a system consisting of one kinase (cyclin B-Cdk1) that directs mitotic entry and a second kinase (Greatwall kinase) that suppresses the protein phosphatase 2A-B55 which opposes cyclin B-Cdk1. - 生命科学・医学を学ぶ大学生のためのウシガエルとウチダザリガニを教材とした麻酔および解剖方法の開発
2024年, 原田 一貴; 福田 裕子; 小田 有沙; 近藤 興; 山元 孝佳; 道上 達男, 生物教育, 65, 3 - 「活かす」を意識した看護学校における生化学教育の一例
2017年, 山元孝佳; 内田唯, 教育研究（早稲田速記医療福祉専門学校紀要）, 35, （MISC）速報，短報，研究ノート等（大学，研究機関紀要） - 【調査研究】大学の数学的リテラシー科目における リフレクションの学修効果の検討
2017年, 難波阿丹; 長濱和代; 山元孝佳, 聖徳大学研究紀要, 28, 50
受賞
- Top Viewed Article: Ndst1, a heparan sulfate modification enzyme, regulates neuroectodermal patterning by enhancing Wnt signaling in Xenopus
2025年04月 - Travel Award for Spemann-Mangold Centennial Symposium 2024
2024年06月 - Travel Award for 19th International Xenopus Conference
2023年08月 - Travel Award for 19th International Xenopus Conference
2023年08月 - Poster Award, Mechanical Measurements of Single Cells in the Animal Pole of Xenopus Embryos by Atomic Force Microscopy
2024年11月 - Poster Award, Spatiotemporal Variations of Single-Cell Mechanics in Xenopus laevis Embryos measured by AFM
2024年11月 - 優秀ポスター賞, Vg1とDerrièreはNodal1の細胞外における分布様式を変化させる (第39回日本分子生物学会大会)
2016年11月 - 優秀ポスター賞, BMPの分布およびシグナル範囲は分泌性アンタゴニストと2つの異なるヘパラン硫酸によって調節されている (第39回日本分子生物学会大会)
2016年11月 - ポスター賞 (47th Annual Meeting of JSDB Co-sponsored by APDBN)
2014年06月 - 令和３年度業務改革総長賞 (TA 費申請業務の効率化) (東京大学)
2021年12月
